Leveraging Maintenance Management Techniques to Evaluate Pavement Condition Index: Central Iraq Highway System

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.31272/jeasd.2544

Keywords:

Pavement Condition Index, Pavement Distress, Pavement Maintenance, Pavement Management System, Pavement Performance Curve

Abstract

The objective of this paper is to evaluate the maintenance strategies applied to the Latifiya-Musayib highway section to improve the pavement condition that significantly deteriorated due to military operations during and after the third Gulf War. The functional evaluation measured the Pavement Condition Index (PCI) every five years. The measurement relied on a visual survey of the pavement surface by examining different types of distress that varied in severity. PCI values measured from 2005 to 2015 indicated that the pavement surface could be considered satisfactory according to standard and custom PCI rating scales, while results measured in 2020 indicated that PCI values had declined to a critical stage requiring maintenance. PCI was 63% for the Latifiya-Musayib direction and 65.5% for the opposite direction. Therefore, preventive maintenance was carried out to stop this decline, which improved PCI values by 18.5% and 19.4%, respectively. The pavement performance curve created to evaluate the effectiveness of preventive maintenance showed that the pavement life would be extended by 4 years in the Latifiya-Musayib direction and 9 years in the opposite direction. Finally, measuring the PCI at the end of the assumed pavement's design life is recommended to make the best decision.  

References

. F. L. Mannering, and S. S. Washburn, “Pavement Design,” in Principles of Highway Engineering and Traffic Analysis, 5th ed. New Jersey, USA: John Wiley and Sons, 2013, Ch. 4, sec. 4.2, pp: 97-99. https://www.wiley.com/enie/Principles+of+Highway+Engineering+and+Traffic+Analysis%2C+5th+Edition+SI+Version-p-9781118471432

. Y. Deng, Y. Zhang, X. Shi, S. Hou, and R. Lytton, “Stress-strain dependent rutting prediction models for multi-layer structures of asphalt mixtures,” International Journal of Pavement Engineering, vol. 23, no. 8, pp. 2728- 2745, Jan. 2021, doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/10298436.2020.1869974

. A. Shtayat, S. Moridpour, B. Best, and S. Rumi, “An overview of pavement degradation prediction models,” Journal of Advanced Transportation, vol. 2022, no. 1, pp. 1-15, Jan. 2021, Art. no. 7783588, doi: https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/7783588

. S. Wu, A. Haji, and I. Adkins, “State of art review on the incorporation of fibres in asphalt pavements,” Road Materials and Pavement Design, vol. 24, no. 6, pp.1559-1594, 2022, doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/14680629.2022.2092022

. S. A. F. Al-Arkawazi, “Flexible pavement evaluation: a case study,” Kurdistan Journal of Applied Research, vol. 2, no. 3, pp. 292-301, 2017, doi: https://doi.org/10.24017/science.2017.3.33.

. S. Islam, and W. G. Buttlar, “Effect of pavement roughness on user costs,” Transportation research record, vol. 2285, no. 1, pp. 47–55, 2012, doi: https://doi.org/10.3141/2285-06

. N. S. P. Peraka, and K. P. Biligiri, “Pavement asset management systems and technologies: A review,” Automation in Construction, vol. 119, no. 3 p. 103336, 2020, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.autcon.2020.103336

. D. Iskandar, S. P. Hadiwardoyo, R. J. Sumabrata, and I. N. Fitriasari, “Road maintenance strategy with characteristics of drainage condition based on pavement performance,” In AIP Conference Proceedings, vol. 1977, no. 040010, pp 1-8, 2018, 2018, doi: https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5042980

. S. D. Nguyen, T. S. Tran, V. P. Tran, H. J. Lee, M. J. Piran, and V. P. Le, “Deep learning-based crack detection: A survey, "International Journal of Pavement Research and Technology, vol. 16, no. 4, pp. 943-967, 2023, doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s42947-022-00172-z

. Z. He, X. Qin, H. Wang, and C. Comes, “Implementing practical pavement management systems for small communities: a South Dakota case study,” Public Works Management and Policy, vol. 22, no. 4, pp. 378-391, 2017, doi: https://doi.org/10.1177/1087724X17721714

. Standard Practice for Roads and Parking Lots Pavement Condition Index Surveys, American Society for Testing and Materials Standard ASTM D-6433-23, United States, 2023. https://www.astm.org/d6433-23.html

. O. Kaya, H. Ceylan, S. Kim, D. Waid, and B. P. Moore, “Statistics and artificial intelligence-based pavement performance and remaining service life prediction models for flexible and composite pavement systems, "Transportation Research Record, vol. 2674, no. 10, pp. 448-460, 2020, https://doi.org/10.1177/0361198120915889

. A. Ji, X. Xue, X. Luo, Y. Wang, and H. Wu, “Scientometric analysis of pavement maintenance: a twenty-year review,” Journal of Civil Engineering and Management, vol. 29, no. 5, pp. 439-462, 2023, doi: https://doi.org/10.3846/jcem.2023.19031

. B. Bezak, C. Gascon, P. Hadley, and M. McCormick, “Pavement Management Plan,” City of San Diego Transportation Department, San Diego, USA, 2024. https://www.sandiego.gov/sites/default/files/2024-01/pavement-management-plan-report.pdf

. M. Y. Shanin, “Pavement Condition Survey and Rating Procedure,” in Pavement Management for Airports, Roads and Parking Lots, 2ed. Chapmab & Hall, New York, USA: Springer, 2005, Ch. 3, sec. 3.2 and 3.3, pp 19-23. https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:108413581

. F. A. R. Temimi, A. H. M. Ali, and A. H. F. Obaidi “The Pavement Condition Index (PCI) Method for Evaluating Pavement Distresses of the Roads in Iraq- A Case Study in Al- Nasiriyah City,” University of Thi Qar Journal for Engineering Sciences, vol. 11, no. 2, pp. 17-23, 2021, doi: https://doi.org/10.31663/tqujes.11.2.394(2021)

. A. Ragnoli, M. R. De Blasiis, and A. Di Benedetto, “Pavement distress detection methods: A review,” Infrastructures, vol. 3, no. 4, p. 58, 2018, doi: https://doi.org/10.3390/infrastructures3040058.

. G. Loprencipe, and A. Pantuso, “A specified procedure for distress identification and assessment for urban road surfaces based on PCI. Coatings, vol. 7, no. 5, p. 65, 2017, doi: https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings7050065

. F. M. Karim, K. A. H. Rubasi, and A. A. Saleh, “The road pavement condition index (PCI) evaluation and maintenance: a case study of Yemen,” Organization, Technology, and Management in Construction: An International Journal, vol. 8, no. 1, pp. 1446-1455, 2016, doi: https://doi.org/10.1515/otmcj-2016-0008

. A. J. Abed, A. H. Albayati, and Y. Wang, “Effect of Surface Pavement Type on Traffic Noise,” Journal of Engineering, vol. 29, no. 04, pp.1-13, 2023, doi: https://doi.org/10.31026/j.eng.2023.04.01

. W. Zeiada, S. A. Dabous, K. Hamad, R. Al-Ruzouq, and M. A. Khalil, “Machine learning for pavement performance modeling in warm climate regions,” Arabian Journal for science and engineering, vol. 45, no. 5, pp. 4091-4109, 2020, doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13369-020-04398-6

. A. Fares, and T. Zayed, “Industry-and academic-based trends in pavement roughness inspection technologies over the past five decades: a critical review,” Remote Sensing, vol. 15, no. 11, p. 2941, 2023, doi: https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15112941

. D. Hein, and J. M. Croteau, “The impact of preventive maintenance programs on the condition of roadway networks,” In Annual Conference of the Transportation Association of Canada, Toronto, Canada, 2004, pp. 19-22. https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:56002991

. M. Y. Shahin, M. I. Darter, and S. D. Kohn, “Development of a pavement maintenance management system Volume I. Airfield pavement condition rating,” Air Force Engineering Services Center, Tyndall Air Force Base, Florida, USA, Rep. CERL-TR-C-76-vol 1 Final Rpt., 1976. https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:108675020

. A. Al-Mansour, K-W. W. Lee, and A. H. Al-Qaili, “Prediction of pavement maintenance performance using an expert system,” Applied Sciences, vol. 12, no. 10, pp. 4802-4815, 2022, doi: https://doi.org/10.3390/app12104802

Downloads

Key Dates

Received

2024-04-04

Revised

2024-11-28

Accepted

2024-12-17

Published Online First

2025-02-14

Published

2025-03-01

How to Cite

Aljubory , A. ., Khaled, T. T. ., Kadhim , A. J. ., Shamsudin, M. F. B. ., Minto , A. ., & Al-Hamd, R. K. S. . (2025). Leveraging Maintenance Management Techniques to Evaluate Pavement Condition Index: Central Iraq Highway System. Journal of Engineering and Sustainable Development, 29(2), 198-208. https://doi.org/10.31272/jeasd.2544

Similar Articles

1-10 of 741

You may also start an advanced similarity search for this article.