Optimizing Planar Antenna Arrays Using Genetic Algorithms for Enhanced Radar Performance in Direction of Arrival Estimation

Authors

  • Methq Kadhum Alnoori Electrical Engineering Department, College of Engineering. Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq https://orcid.org/0009-0003-3096-3000
  • Malik Jasim Farhan Electrical Engineering Department, College of Engineering. Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq
  • Enas F. Rawashdeh Management information system, Amman College, AlBalqa Applied University, Amman, Jordan

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.31272/jeasd.3008

Keywords:

Antenna, Direction of arrival, Genetic algorithm, Planar array

Abstract

This paper proposes the optimization of planar antenna arrays for DOA estimation enhancement in radar systems, where accuracy and computational efficiency need to be well balanced. This work describes a new methodology using GAs to obtain an optimal configuration of the antenna elements, allowing a considerable reduction in computational complexity. Using the ESPRIT algorithm for azimuth and elevation angle estimation, the proposed approach achieves an RMSE as low as 0.2 degrees under an SNR of 20 dB. For practical setups, an antenna size configuration of M = 8, N = 3 with 85 snapshots can achieve an optimal tradeoff, reducing the computational cost by 35% compared to conventional methods while maintaining high accuracy. These results substantiate the appropriateness of the methodology for low-power and low-resource embedded radar processors. They will be further enhanced by real-time capability using FPGAs and GPUs for hardware acceleration and improving overall system performance.

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Key Dates

Received

2024-09-17

Revised

2025-04-11

Accepted

2025-05-18

Published Online First

2025-05-19

How to Cite

Alnoori, M. K. ., Farhan, M. J. ., & Rawashdeh, E. F. . (n.d.). Optimizing Planar Antenna Arrays Using Genetic Algorithms for Enhanced Radar Performance in Direction of Arrival Estimation. Journal of Engineering and Sustainable Development, 29(4), 464-472. https://doi.org/10.31272/jeasd.3008